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Today we we’re taking a look at a plant that you might see in your gardens right now. It is native to North and Central America and is an annual. It also has exceptionally lacy foliage; some even say that the foliage is so finely lobed that it looks ragged. This plant’s flower spikes have a resemblance to those found on Japanese Basil (Perilla frutiscens) despite having no relation to the Mint family. This plant is in the Aster family but at a glance that would not be apparent. Specimens of this native plant can get up to 2.5 feet tall and in general the plant has a respectable airy kind of appearance. So, what is this mystery plant of which I write and tease all of you readers with this week? Today’s plant is Common Ragweed, also known as Annual Ragweed or Low Ragweed and its Botanical Latin name is (Ambrosia artemisiifolia). Now before all you folks start handing out the torches and pitch forks over the mere idea that I would actually try to extol the virtues of this plant, I will be doing nothing of the sort. In today’s post this will be a fair and balanced look at a plant that many people hate for a rational reason, with just a dash of history.
*The specific epithet 'Artemisiifolia' means it's foliage resembles that of Artemisia another member of the Aster Family.
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Ragweed is best known for its ability to produce a copious amount of pollen that goes airborne and is distributed widely on the wind. This pollen is so good at being airborne that has been found to travel as far as four-hundred miles out to sea and several miles up into the atmosphere. This feature is what causes it to be the bane of those who suffer from Hay Fever aka Allergic Rhinitis. In older literature and some older websites you will also see another member of the Aster family blamed for Hay Fever; Goldenrod. This is the first of Common Ragweed’s crimes; it blooms at the same time as Goldenrod (Solidego sp.) and Goldenrod for a long time was blamed for Ragweed’s noxious antics. With time and study if was found that Goldenrod’s pollen is much heavier and is relies on insects to get moved around so of course Goldenrod was innocent the whole time. Also it was a fluke that people found the bright golden pollen from Goldenrod clinging to their items and clothing and understandably assumed its proximity caused their allergies. This specific allergy is commonly called Hay Fever because it occurs mainly during the Hay harvesting season which is also when grasses and a lot of other plants are dumping pollen everywhere. The condition we call Hay Fever now was first identified as a real medical condition around 1800. The condition was not linked to pollen exposure until 1828 when it first appeared in medical literature officially as Allergic Rhinitis. Ragweed itself was not linked as a specific cause of Hay Fever until 1870’s via research by Dr. Morrill Wyman (July 25th, 1812 – January 30th, 1903) in the USA verified it was. Research regarding the source of allergies was also done by Dr. Charles Harrison Blackley (April 5th, 1820 – September 4th, 1900) in the UK, and he drew the same conclusion, that Ragweed was the culprit in a lot of allergic rhinitis misery.
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So, Ragweed as a plant would not be all that awful if you didn’t get seasonal allergies or kept it from flowering. But as many of you gardeners out there know it is hard enough to keep up with deadheading spent flowers on some plants so nipping every emergent flower might just be a bridge too far. This plant typically ends up in your garden because its seeds were carried in on pet fur or on someone’s clothing. Ragweed seeds are known to have a rough surface that easily allows them to cling to clothing, hair, fur and even your skin so they are sneaky little devils. Believe it or not, but fleece type fabrics as well as woven fabrics like denim are some of the ones they have the easiest time clinging to. As if that were not enough, a healthy plant can produce something like 62,000 viable seeds of which they have an average 50% viability level after about a year but seeds that are buried can lie in wait for up to thirty years. Numerous sources also indicate that Common Ragweed has also developed resistance to numerous herbicides such as Classic, FirstRate, Pursuit, Atrazine, Princep, Roundup, Cobra, Reflex and Valor. The most important thing you should be asking now is if Ragweed has any uses. The medicinal uses of this plant should be considered carefully before you try to treat any ailments you have as their efficacy is unclear. With that said Common Ragweed is known to be a traditional medicine plant for several Native American nations such as the Cherokee, Lakota, Iroquois, Dakota and the Delaware peoples. In addition the Otoe people in the Missouri River region used the plant as a remedy for nausea. The patient would have their abdomen scarified and the bruised leaves of this plant would be applied to the wounds. The Huoma people in Louisiana used the plant for Menstruation pains by making and drinking a tea made from the plant’s roots.
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Lastly in perhaps the only modern uses I know of, this plant is one of a select few native plants that has a good record at phytoremediation. It appears that Common Ragweed is quite capable at removing heavy metals like Lead from the soil making it useful in contaminated sites. Assuming you’re not growing it to remove toxins there is a surprising agricultural use for the plant. Ragweed for grain purposes is an option, the seeds are 47% crude protein and 38% crude fat which is pretty impressive. There is some compelling evidence that humans in antiquity did harvest and eat the plant’s seeds at least 900 to 1400 years ago though my sources are unclear if this was Giant Ragweed (A. trifida) or the Common Ragweed we’re talking about today. I’ll leave you with one interesting fact before I close this week’s post. The Botanical Latin name Ambrosia is not by mistake, but many mistranslate the word to mean “food of the gods” when it actually means essentially “not mortal”. In Greek Mythology Ambrosia was the food and the wine the Greek gods ate and drank, it gave them immortality by some unclear means. A deeper look at the word Ambrosia leads to the Sanskrit word Amrita which refers to a similar substance. Naming Ragweed that seems to indicate that at some time it was a food item that may well have been critical to the survival of an indigenous people. Either way, it’s an interesting but infamous plant and I hope you all found this look into Common Ragweed interesting.
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The Wild Harvest Digest: August 2025, #1
Good Morning Neighbors,
Today we we’re taking a look at a plant that you might see in your gardens right now. It is native to North and Central America and is an annual. #Native #Ragweed #Allergies